The Dollar Sign ($) and Underscore (_) in JavaScript

The  dollar sign ($)  and the  underscore  (_) characters are JavaScript identifiers, which just means that they identify an object in the same way a name would.  The  objects they identify include things such as variables, functions, properties, events, and objects. For this reason, these characters are not treated  the same way as other special symbols. Instead, JavaScript treats  $  and  _  as if they were  letters of the alphabet. A JavaScript identifier  Ã¢â‚¬â€ again, just a name for any object  Ã¢â‚¬â€ must start with a lower or upper case letter, underscore (_), or dollar sign ($); subsequent characters can also include digits (0-9).  Anywhere that an alphabetic character is allowed in JavaScript, 54 possible letters are available: any lowercase letter (a through z), any uppercase letter (A through Z), $ and _. The Dollar ($) Identifier The dollar sign is commonly used as a shortcut to the function document.getElementById(). Because this function is fairly verbose and used frequently in JavaScript, the $ has long been used as its alias, and  many of the libraries available for use with JavaScript create a  $()  function that references an element from the DOM if you pass it the id of that element. There is nothing about $ that requires it to be used this way, however. But it has been the convention, although there is nothing in the language to enforce it. The dollar sign $ was chosen for the function name by the first of these libraries because it is a short one-character word, and $  was least likely to be used by itself as a function name and therefore the least likely to clash with other code in the page. Now multiple libraries are providing their own version of the $() function, so many now provide the option to turn off that definition in order to avoid clashes.   Of course,  you dont need to use a library to be able to use $(). All you need to substitute $() for document.getElementById() is to add a definition of the $() function to your code as follows: function $(x) {return document.getElementById(x);} The Underscore _ Identifier   A convention has also developed regarding the use of _, which is frequently used to preface the name of an objects property or method that is private. This is a quick and easy way to immediately identify a private class member, and it is so widely used, that almost every programmer will recognize it. This is particularly useful in JavaScript since defining fields as private or public is done without the use of the  private and public keywords (at least this is true in the versions of JavaScript used in web browsers — JavaScript 2.0 does allow these keywords). Note that again, as with $, the use of _ is merely a convention and is not enforced by JavaScript itself. As far as JavaScript is concerned, $ and _ are just ordinary letters of the alphabet. Of course, this special treatment of $ and _  applies only within JavaScript itself. When you test for alphabetic characters in the data, they are treated as special characters no different from any of the other special characters.

My Personal Code of Ethics Essay - 2658 Words

Preamble I, Rob Geis, commit myself to the code and values that I am about to describe. As a person I have vast life experiences that have affected who I am and what I believe in. As a Public Relations professional it seems that our industry is often under ridicule for being unethical and known as spin doctors. As an ethical student and person I consider these key values as guiding stones to my applied ethical choices. Family, friends, school and religion have all made me the person I am today and influence my ethical choices. When it comes to family I was raised to be respectful of my elders and those around me; however I was also taught to speak my mind when I did not agree. Growing up I met many people who were not allowed to say†¦show more content†¦When it comes to authority figures I think my parents were trying to teach us to act with integrity and not let others think for us or tell us what to do. At first my family seemed to be deontological; when I was younger, I followed these rules because that is what I was taught to do. Today these values appear to be virtuous to me, I now do these things because it is something a good person would do and I prefer to be a good person. Friends were a big influence when I was younger. When I first started playing football I really grew as a person. I learned how to be a leader, how to take responsibility for my actions and the value of trust. For the first time in my life I had people who depended on me for success and guidance. When something went wrong, I had to take responsibility for my squad and learn to trust those around me. I also met some friends who I have come to trust more than family, more than my extended family, at least. The professors that Ive had throughout the years changed the way my mind thinks. I have learned so much in undergrad that made me capable to attend Georgetown. 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Compare Contrast Essay Free Essays

Shane Smith Professor Samuels English 102, Section 13 18 October 2012 Compare Contrast Essay The 1960’s was a carefree time period, a time when the â€Å"hippy† lifestyle was considered the norm. A time when the youth were often the voice, citizens were dedicated to bringing peace to the United States, the abolishment of segregation was occurring, and the Vietnam War had just begun. The poems I analyzed were both written in the early 1960’s, when segregation finally came to an end. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare Contrast Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gwendolyn Brooks portrays the â€Å"carefree† lifestyle in her poem, â€Å"We Real Cool. Brooks being an African American woman surprised me, because her focus was not on the current major topic of segregation, whereas in contrast, Bob Dylan being Caucasian chose to focus on segregation in his poem/song, â€Å"The Times They Are a-Changin. † The irony in the poem’s I read, is the contrast between ethnicity of the poet’s, to their chosen topics. During the time the two poems were written, is when the African American people rose against segregation. The poem â€Å"We Real Cool,† is an open form poem wrote in 1960 by an African American author, Gwendolyn Brooks. Based on her ethnicity and the date of the poem, the reader would intend the topic to be based around the Civil Rights Movement. At the time Brooks wrote her poem she was in her early forties and the reader would believe her concern for segregation had lessened. Since 1917 Brooks had saw countless occasions of segregation, considering the fact that she had attended an all-black high school. She focused on the new occurring change, the change in attitude of teenagers at that time. Gwendolyn Brooks discovered the topic of her poem while walking by a pool hall. She discovered seven young men playing pool, drinking, cursing and having no worries. Brooks was disgusted at the sight of the younger generation not attending school and having no ambition to move on in life. Brooks was aware that there was a drug epidemic going on at the time and she knew that this behavior and usage of drugs will keep them in the pool hall for all of their lives. Two lines from the poem that would portray this analysis to the reader are the lines that say, â€Å"We strike straight†, and â€Å"We die soon†. (Brooks 4,8). The term â€Å"straight† usually refers to being clean of drugs and a better person and the term â€Å"strike† usually means to be against. With the last line â€Å"We die soon,† Brooks illustrates that the young men are slowly killing themselves. She remembers the struggle of herself and the generations before her, the opportunities for education and good jobs were few and far between. As Brooks sees the times are changing she is discouraged by the lack of ambition and the push-to-side attitude of the opportunities the younger generation has before them. In contrast, the closed form poem, â€Å"The Times They Are a-Changin† written by Bob Dylan had many similarities to Brooks’ poem, but also focused on segregation and the awareness that things were changing. In the poem, Dylan says, â€Å"Come senators, congressman Please heed the call Don’t stand in the doorway Don’t block up the hall/For he that gets hurt/Will be he who has stalled/There’s a battle outside/And it is ragin’. † (Dylan 23-30). In the first four lines from this section of the poem, Dylan is talking on a specific time in the Civil Rights Movement. Segregation was ending, but on June 11, 1963 at the University of Alabama, Caucasian officials stood in front of the doorway to an auditorium because they believed in keeping segregation alive. (History). Bob Dylan believed in equality and is believed to be an influence that started the â€Å"hippy† generation, which came about a year or so after Dylan’s 1963 poem/song. Dylan wants to emphasize the point that African Americans were growing into society and to grasp the concept that everything is changing and there will always be change. In comparison, these two poem’s share similarities about the youth of the 1960’s and the â€Å"carefree† lifestyle they were living. Brooks was much older than Dylan, but they were both aware of the change happening to the youth. Brooks had more of a stern way of saying these teenagers had too much freedom, that they were too blinded to realize the meaning of life, and that they were headed in the wrong direction. Brooks was older and wiser and spoke a warning to the youth of the consequences of the fast life, â€Å"We die soon†. (Brooks 8). Dylan himself was of the younger generation and spoke directly to his peers. He said in his poem/song, â€Å"Come mother and fathers/Throughout the land/And don’t criticize/What you can’t understand/Your sons and your daughters/Are beyond your command. † (Dylan 34-39) In comparison, Dylan had a more rebellious tone towards parents and authority. At the time these poems were written, the Vietnam War was being fought, and drugs and free love were popular among most youth. In conclusion, these two poems were both speaking to the young generation during the 1960’s, a tumultuous period in our history. It was a time for anti-war protests, Civil Right Movements against segregation, racism and anti-government sentiment. Brooks who was older and had been on the receiving end of racism and segregation chose to speak to the youth who had chosen a reckless lifestyle and abandon opportunity. Brooks uses sarcasm by saying, â€Å"We Real Cool† to get her point across that they aren’t as â€Å"Cool† from her perspective. Dylan on the other hand speaks to himself and his generation about the changing times. He speaks about the need to keep moving forward. He also seems to speak out against government and authority, their resistance to change mainly where segregation is concerned. Overall both poets are extremely aware of change in society during different periods in their lives and both believe change will continue on for the remainder of mankind. Work Cited Works Cited Brooks, Gwendolyn. â€Å"We Real Cool. † Cheuse, Nicholas Delbanco and Alan. Literature Craft Voice. New York: McGraw Hill, 2012. 639. Dylan, Bob. â€Å"The Times They Are a-Changin. † Cheuse, Nicholas Delbanco and Alan. Literature Craft and Voice. New York: McGraw Hill, 2012. 22. History. â€Å"University of Alabama desegregated. † 2012. The History Channel website. 24 Oct 2012 http://www. history. com/this-day-in-history/university-of-alabama-desegregated. Pericles, Hamlet. Helium. 25 January 2008. 20 October 2012 http://www. helium. com/items/818599-poetry-analysis-we-real-cool-by-gwendolyn-brooks. http://rapgenius. com/Bob-dylan-the-times-they -are-a-changin-lyrics http://www. shmoop. com/we-real-cool/analysis. html http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=jyKF2e2CiMk http://www. english. illinois. edu/maps/poets/a_f/brooks/life. htm How to cite Compare Contrast Essay, Essay examples