Compare the ways philosophers, Machiavelli and Hobbes, DESCRIBE OR Essay

Analyze the ways rationalists, Machiavelli and Hobbes, DESCRIBE OR JUSTIFY POLITICS-AS-VIOLENCE - Essay Example With opportunity man considers governmental issues as his most noteworthy duty regarding his general public focusing on the essentialness of virtues and principles. With an assortment of exercises managed by a freshly discovered opportunity under moving recorded conditions, man begins acting in ethically faulty and stunning blast of human bad habit. Unpleasantly, political way of thinking has given responses to these practices as a way to deal with right blundering human conduct. Anyway such methods doesn't impact a specific change in a brief timeframe. Perceiving the expanding degree, force and refinement of indecencies and violations realized by globalization, legislative issues has moved toward brutality as a forceful way to accomplish a specific height and the quickest answer for accomplish political force and plan that tends explicitly select others to frame a more grounded criminal gathering. Government frameworks have figured out how to adjust to the questionable hypotheses of Hobbes and Machiavelli who engender brutality to legitimize the quick answers for the basic issues looked by a general public. Such hypotheses have a deliberate objective to control errant conduct; anyway hidden endeavors to utilize such for one’s own political addition and narrow minded consolation for support of intensity would leave the general public and the regular masses battling under a severe oppressive guideline. Both Hobbes and Machiavelli have compared governmental issues apparently subject to savagery based answers for any socio-political circumstance experienced. Man and society’s battle for endurance, moving for position and battling about crown jewels (Lerner, 1950:11) has delivered certain enraged circumstances that require the activity of the one in power. In Machiavelli’s The Prince, recommends that steadiness was fundamental and the administration or ruler could accomplish such parity ought to be oppressive. Seriously singing commendations to a character of intensity is portrayed to his very much accentuated Prince. Machiavelli astoundingly followed

An attempt to Find Midway between Utopian Sunshine and Foucauldian Essay

An endeavor to Find Midway between Utopian Sunshine and Foucauldian Gloom - Essay Example Among the two stream of contemplations, the first is the gathering of hopeful individuals alluded as Utopian daylight, who consider the to be as exceptionally practicable. Driver says that the more idealistic side might be populated by specialists and advisors who are hoping to offer their recommendation to customer associations and in this way not keen on seeking after the more basic part of the learning association (Denton, 1998 refered to in Driver, 2002, p. 34). On the opponent’s side are the individuals called Faucauldian melancholy, who discover this idea as no better than a ‘psychic prison’. Clarifying who all can be finding the idea as impracticable, Driver says that the more skeptical side might be populated by scholastics searching for distribute and in this way problematize an excessively basic perspective on learning association with no enthusiasm for the common sense of a portion of their proposals (Denton, 1998 refered to in Driver, 2002, p. 34). The distinction of sentiment among the two gatherings is on three authoritative measurements which are control, belief system and difficult worker experience that they experience for giving the serious edge to the association. Concerning idea of the learning association, Driver remarks that the absence of clearness as to the specific definition and hypothetical conceptualization of a learning association has been a typical issue (Denton, 1998 refered to in Driver, 2002, p. 36).... Every one of these characteristics guarantee to make the learning association an excellent spot. Obviously, this is as a glaring difference to the customary bureaucratic associations that trust in convergence of information, force and dynamic. This doesn't imply that a learning association doesn't have any sort of control. As to administrative control in a learning association, Driver says that while the learning association may have hardly any conventional administrative controls, it isn't totally liberated from administrative control (Starkey, 1998 refered to in Driver, 2002, p. 39). As such, the mutual qualities in closely knit ‘communities of learners’ (Edmondson, 1996 refered to in Driver, 2002, p. 39) fill in as disguised controls in which representatives accommodate in light of the fact that they share similar perspectives and qualities as opposed to they dread or regard outside controls forced on them by the executives (Mills and Friesen, 1992, Smith and Tosey, 1 999, refered to in Driver, 2002, p. 39). Building a learning association requires change in the essential culture of an association; a change from customary bureaucratic association that encourages them soak up the advantages referenced in the idea of learning association. Notwithstanding, hierarchical culture doesn't create in days, week or months. Consequently such a sensational change would likewise expend a great deal of time. Likewise there will be administrators who might need to share their insight to the workers. There is a well known saying that information is power. Force or control isn't something that an ordinary individual might want to lose so without any problem. Thus the top chiefs of the changing association, who are to lose power, social height and financial

Effects of Dissociative Drugs

Effects of Dissociative Drugs Addiction Drug Use Hallucinogens Print Effects of Dissociative Drugs By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 19, 2019 Towfiqu Photography / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Hallucinogens Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery It is believed that PCP, ketamine, and DXM and other dissociative drugs act by disrupting the chemical glutamate throughout the brain. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse research, glutamate affects the persons cognition functions, emotions, and perception of pain. Dissociative drugs also alter the actions of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that produces the feeling of euphoria associated with drug abuse. While also classified as a dissociative drug, salvia divinorum affects the brain differently. It works by activating the kappa opioid receptor on nerve cells. This is a different set of receptors from the ones that are activated by opiates like morphine and heroin. Short-Term Effects of Dissociative Drugs Users of dissociative drugs report visual and auditory distortions and a sense of floating. They also report feelings of dissociation or the feeling of being detached from reality. Users also report feelings of anxiety, impaired motor function, and memory loss. Some report body tremors and numbness. The intensity of these effects can be related to the amount of the drug the user takes. As with the effects of hallucinogens, the effects of dissociative drugs are also unpredictable. Usually, the effects of dissociative drugs begin within minutes of ingestion and last for several hours. However, some users have reported feeling the effects for days after ingestion. Here is a more comprehensive list of the short-term effects of dissociative drugs, provided by the NIDA. General Common Effects of Dissociative Drugs The following are common effects of disassociative drugs: Low to Moderate Doses NumbnessLoss of coordination, disorientation, and confusionDizziness, nausea, vomitingChanges in sensory perceptions (sight, sound, shapes, time, body image)HallucinationsFeelings of detachment from self and environmentIncrease in blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, and body temperature High Doses HallucinationsMemory lossPhysical distress, including dangerous changes in blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, and body temperatureMarked psychological distress, including feelings of extreme panic, fear, anxiety, paranoia, invulnerability, exaggerated strength, and aggressionUse with high doses of alcohol or other depressants can lead to respiratory distress or arrest, resulting in death Each individual dissociative drug can have its own distinct effects in addition to the above general effects. PCP at moderate to high doses can cause seizures or severe muscle contractions. Users can become aggressive or violent and can experience psychotic symptoms similar to schizophrenia. Ketamine, at moderate to high doses can cause sedation, immobility, and amnesia. Some users report a near-death experience known as a K-hole, in which they have feelings of almost complete sensory detachment. Salvia users report emotional mood swings ranging from sadness to uncontrolled laughter. These effects are extremely intense, but last only a short time (up to 30 minutes usually). Effects of DXM Although safe and effective when taken as directed as a cough suppressant, DXM (dextromethorphan) can produce effects similar to PCP and ketamine when taken in excessive doses (200 to 1,500 milligrams). Because DXM is most often abused in the form of cough syrup, which can also contain antihistamines, effects of its abuse can also include risks of respiratory distress, seizures, and increased heart rate. Long-Term Effects of Dissociative Drugs Some reported long-term effects of dissociative drug use include memory loss, speech difficulties, depression, suicidal thoughts, anxiety, and social withdrawal. Some of these reportedly can persist for a year or even more after use of the drugs stop. Also, users can develop a tolerance for dissociative drugs and when chronic users do stop, they can experience withdrawal symptoms that include craving, headaches, and sweating. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the long-term effects of most dissociative drugs have not yet been systematically investigated by researchers. Therefore, the full extent of the long-term effects of this class of drugs is still not fully understood.

The Dollar Sign ($) and Underscore (_) in JavaScript

The  dollar sign ($)  and the  underscore  (_) characters are JavaScript identifiers, which just means that they identify an object in the same way a name would.  The  objects they identify include things such as variables, functions, properties, events, and objects. For this reason, these characters are not treated  the same way as other special symbols. Instead, JavaScript treats  $  and  _  as if they were  letters of the alphabet. A JavaScript identifier  Ã¢â‚¬â€ again, just a name for any object  Ã¢â‚¬â€ must start with a lower or upper case letter, underscore (_), or dollar sign ($); subsequent characters can also include digits (0-9).  Anywhere that an alphabetic character is allowed in JavaScript, 54 possible letters are available: any lowercase letter (a through z), any uppercase letter (A through Z), $ and _. The Dollar ($) Identifier The dollar sign is commonly used as a shortcut to the function document.getElementById(). Because this function is fairly verbose and used frequently in JavaScript, the $ has long been used as its alias, and  many of the libraries available for use with JavaScript create a  $()  function that references an element from the DOM if you pass it the id of that element. There is nothing about $ that requires it to be used this way, however. But it has been the convention, although there is nothing in the language to enforce it. The dollar sign $ was chosen for the function name by the first of these libraries because it is a short one-character word, and $  was least likely to be used by itself as a function name and therefore the least likely to clash with other code in the page. Now multiple libraries are providing their own version of the $() function, so many now provide the option to turn off that definition in order to avoid clashes.   Of course,  you dont need to use a library to be able to use $(). All you need to substitute $() for document.getElementById() is to add a definition of the $() function to your code as follows: function $(x) {return document.getElementById(x);} The Underscore _ Identifier   A convention has also developed regarding the use of _, which is frequently used to preface the name of an objects property or method that is private. This is a quick and easy way to immediately identify a private class member, and it is so widely used, that almost every programmer will recognize it. This is particularly useful in JavaScript since defining fields as private or public is done without the use of the  private and public keywords (at least this is true in the versions of JavaScript used in web browsers — JavaScript 2.0 does allow these keywords). Note that again, as with $, the use of _ is merely a convention and is not enforced by JavaScript itself. As far as JavaScript is concerned, $ and _ are just ordinary letters of the alphabet. Of course, this special treatment of $ and _  applies only within JavaScript itself. When you test for alphabetic characters in the data, they are treated as special characters no different from any of the other special characters.

My Personal Code of Ethics Essay - 2658 Words

Preamble I, Rob Geis, commit myself to the code and values that I am about to describe. As a person I have vast life experiences that have affected who I am and what I believe in. As a Public Relations professional it seems that our industry is often under ridicule for being unethical and known as spin doctors. As an ethical student and person I consider these key values as guiding stones to my applied ethical choices. Family, friends, school and religion have all made me the person I am today and influence my ethical choices. When it comes to family I was raised to be respectful of my elders and those around me; however I was also taught to speak my mind when I did not agree. Growing up I met many people who were not allowed to say†¦show more content†¦When it comes to authority figures I think my parents were trying to teach us to act with integrity and not let others think for us or tell us what to do. At first my family seemed to be deontological; when I was younger, I followed these rules because that is what I was taught to do. Today these values appear to be virtuous to me, I now do these things because it is something a good person would do and I prefer to be a good person. Friends were a big influence when I was younger. When I first started playing football I really grew as a person. I learned how to be a leader, how to take responsibility for my actions and the value of trust. For the first time in my life I had people who depended on me for success and guidance. When something went wrong, I had to take responsibility for my squad and learn to trust those around me. I also met some friends who I have come to trust more than family, more than my extended family, at least. The professors that Ive had throughout the years changed the way my mind thinks. I have learned so much in undergrad that made me capable to attend Georgetown. Some differences in thinking include learning to think critically about many things and thinking outside the norm or most. At community college one professor introduced me into political philosophy; including Plato, Socrates and the founding fathers.Show MoreRelatedMy Personal Code Of Ethics807 Words   |  4 Pagesassignments. At the start of the semester, the first assignment was a one page paper which described our position on our personal code of ethics. The paper was written in the first person and was to follow a clear line of reasoning, and comply with APA 6th edition grammar and style rules. At the end of the semester we were to, once again, write a paper on our personal code of ethics so that we could see our maturation in knowledge and values in contrast to the beginning of the course. We were also assignedRead More My Personal Code Of Ethic969 Words   |  4 PagesMy Personal Code of Ethic Personal ethic is what a person believes about morality and right and wrong. Ethic should and can give real and practical guidance to our lives: gives our best rational interests and without sacrificing others. My family, friends, and education have played profound roles in the development of my personal ethic: conscience, personal integrity, responsibility, and egalitarianism. Additionally, these influences approaches to determining what conduct is consistent with theseRead MoreMy Personal Code Of Ethics1487 Words   |  6 Pagesin savings than I ever would have had I been trying to save on my own. Since I am so happy with what Digit has done for me, I thought I’d share it with you, even though it doesn’t fit squarely in my niche. However, I figure we all want to save money, so I think you’d all be interested in what Digit has to offer. Affiliate Disclaimer: You will find a few links to Digit throughout this review. According to my personal Code of Ethics and in order to comply with FTC Compliance Standards, if the linkRead MoreMy Personal Code Of Ethics Essay1845 Words   |  8 PagesA. My Personal Code of Ethics 1. Core Values I am an Accounting student at the University of Baltimore. I have a list of core values in my mind, and I try to follow these values every day. When I make decisions in my life, I look at these values to make sure my decisions align with my values. My top three core values are career, family and friends, and personal growth. Within each core value, there are other values that I like to consider in my daily life. My first core value is career. I movedRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics And Values1086 Words   |  5 Pages Each individual has a code of ethics which helps to establish morals. Morals play an important part when it comes to determining what is right and wrong. You should also have core values. I think the most important value to have is integrity. Integrity means to be honest in everything you do and to have high morals. I will be honest, sincere, and reliable. Another important value to have is to be caring. Each and every day, I will be considerate and help those that need it. Being caring means havingRead MoreMy Personal Values: Professional Ethics Are the Foundation of Social Work1798 Words   |  7 PagesA career in Social Work requires conviction to personal values that reflect and uphold the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Code of Ethics. Professional ethics are the foundation of social work, as the trade has an innate obligation to endorse ethical principles and b asic values to advocate for the wellness of others. The core values adopted by all social workers, as distinguished by NASW, are service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationshipsRead MoreEnron Case : The Smartest Guys Of The Room1149 Words   |  5 Pageshaving a personal ethical code of their own to follow so they could have avoided the influence of corruption. In view creating a personal code of ethics one must consider the aspect of relationship, honesty and integrity, work ethic, transparency and disclosure of information, and fairness. In a relationship of any kind, I demonstrate respect, patience, loyalty, and trustworthiness. It is imperative to produce and maintain these characteristics. The foundation of my personal code of ethicsRead MoreCode of Ethics and The IT Field Essay examples973 Words   |  4 Pagesis non-existent, and professionalism does not exist. A Code of Ethics are what guides the behavior of an organization, and it guides the quality that the organization will live by. When I served in the Army for 21 years I lived by a set of values that guided me each and every day, and these values laid the foundation not just for myself but for all soldiers to live by. The values of Loyalty, Duty, Self-Respect, Honor, Integrity and personal Courage are what guides the professionalism of our fightingRead MorePersonal Ethics Paper883 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Ethics Paper Fernando De La Peà ±a Llaca CMGT/530 April 11, 2011 Thomas Poole Personal Ethics Paper Ethics plays a big role in my life and also in my company, skip ethics in any situation can means a shortcut, a shortcut to a dead-end. Ethics is the way the morale and values prevail and using ethics in life brings big rewards. Because I am beginning a new stage in my life, especially in my academic life taking a master’s degree at University of Phoenix there is no difference; ethicsRead MoreThe Ethics Of A Code Of Ethics1648 Words   |  7 Pagesmajor stakeholders can be proud of, codes of ethics are created as a set of guidelines for every involved stakeholder to follow and adhere to. In his conclusion (Lambert, 2009) states that the development and subsequent implementation of a code of ethics is a critical part of establishing a value system within the commercial crime prevention discipline. He further goes on to say that, as a value system, the success of this endeavor lies not in whether the code makes staff behave, but rather more

Compare Contrast Essay Free Essays

Shane Smith Professor Samuels English 102, Section 13 18 October 2012 Compare Contrast Essay The 1960’s was a carefree time period, a time when the â€Å"hippy† lifestyle was considered the norm. A time when the youth were often the voice, citizens were dedicated to bringing peace to the United States, the abolishment of segregation was occurring, and the Vietnam War had just begun. The poems I analyzed were both written in the early 1960’s, when segregation finally came to an end. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare Contrast Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gwendolyn Brooks portrays the â€Å"carefree† lifestyle in her poem, â€Å"We Real Cool. Brooks being an African American woman surprised me, because her focus was not on the current major topic of segregation, whereas in contrast, Bob Dylan being Caucasian chose to focus on segregation in his poem/song, â€Å"The Times They Are a-Changin. † The irony in the poem’s I read, is the contrast between ethnicity of the poet’s, to their chosen topics. During the time the two poems were written, is when the African American people rose against segregation. The poem â€Å"We Real Cool,† is an open form poem wrote in 1960 by an African American author, Gwendolyn Brooks. Based on her ethnicity and the date of the poem, the reader would intend the topic to be based around the Civil Rights Movement. At the time Brooks wrote her poem she was in her early forties and the reader would believe her concern for segregation had lessened. Since 1917 Brooks had saw countless occasions of segregation, considering the fact that she had attended an all-black high school. She focused on the new occurring change, the change in attitude of teenagers at that time. Gwendolyn Brooks discovered the topic of her poem while walking by a pool hall. She discovered seven young men playing pool, drinking, cursing and having no worries. Brooks was disgusted at the sight of the younger generation not attending school and having no ambition to move on in life. Brooks was aware that there was a drug epidemic going on at the time and she knew that this behavior and usage of drugs will keep them in the pool hall for all of their lives. Two lines from the poem that would portray this analysis to the reader are the lines that say, â€Å"We strike straight†, and â€Å"We die soon†. (Brooks 4,8). The term â€Å"straight† usually refers to being clean of drugs and a better person and the term â€Å"strike† usually means to be against. With the last line â€Å"We die soon,† Brooks illustrates that the young men are slowly killing themselves. She remembers the struggle of herself and the generations before her, the opportunities for education and good jobs were few and far between. As Brooks sees the times are changing she is discouraged by the lack of ambition and the push-to-side attitude of the opportunities the younger generation has before them. In contrast, the closed form poem, â€Å"The Times They Are a-Changin† written by Bob Dylan had many similarities to Brooks’ poem, but also focused on segregation and the awareness that things were changing. In the poem, Dylan says, â€Å"Come senators, congressman Please heed the call Don’t stand in the doorway Don’t block up the hall/For he that gets hurt/Will be he who has stalled/There’s a battle outside/And it is ragin’. † (Dylan 23-30). In the first four lines from this section of the poem, Dylan is talking on a specific time in the Civil Rights Movement. Segregation was ending, but on June 11, 1963 at the University of Alabama, Caucasian officials stood in front of the doorway to an auditorium because they believed in keeping segregation alive. (History). Bob Dylan believed in equality and is believed to be an influence that started the â€Å"hippy† generation, which came about a year or so after Dylan’s 1963 poem/song. Dylan wants to emphasize the point that African Americans were growing into society and to grasp the concept that everything is changing and there will always be change. In comparison, these two poem’s share similarities about the youth of the 1960’s and the â€Å"carefree† lifestyle they were living. Brooks was much older than Dylan, but they were both aware of the change happening to the youth. Brooks had more of a stern way of saying these teenagers had too much freedom, that they were too blinded to realize the meaning of life, and that they were headed in the wrong direction. Brooks was older and wiser and spoke a warning to the youth of the consequences of the fast life, â€Å"We die soon†. (Brooks 8). Dylan himself was of the younger generation and spoke directly to his peers. He said in his poem/song, â€Å"Come mother and fathers/Throughout the land/And don’t criticize/What you can’t understand/Your sons and your daughters/Are beyond your command. † (Dylan 34-39) In comparison, Dylan had a more rebellious tone towards parents and authority. At the time these poems were written, the Vietnam War was being fought, and drugs and free love were popular among most youth. In conclusion, these two poems were both speaking to the young generation during the 1960’s, a tumultuous period in our history. It was a time for anti-war protests, Civil Right Movements against segregation, racism and anti-government sentiment. Brooks who was older and had been on the receiving end of racism and segregation chose to speak to the youth who had chosen a reckless lifestyle and abandon opportunity. Brooks uses sarcasm by saying, â€Å"We Real Cool† to get her point across that they aren’t as â€Å"Cool† from her perspective. Dylan on the other hand speaks to himself and his generation about the changing times. He speaks about the need to keep moving forward. He also seems to speak out against government and authority, their resistance to change mainly where segregation is concerned. Overall both poets are extremely aware of change in society during different periods in their lives and both believe change will continue on for the remainder of mankind. Work Cited Works Cited Brooks, Gwendolyn. â€Å"We Real Cool. † Cheuse, Nicholas Delbanco and Alan. Literature Craft Voice. New York: McGraw Hill, 2012. 639. Dylan, Bob. â€Å"The Times They Are a-Changin. † Cheuse, Nicholas Delbanco and Alan. Literature Craft and Voice. New York: McGraw Hill, 2012. 22. History. â€Å"University of Alabama desegregated. † 2012. The History Channel website. 24 Oct 2012 http://www. history. com/this-day-in-history/university-of-alabama-desegregated. Pericles, Hamlet. Helium. 25 January 2008. 20 October 2012 http://www. helium. com/items/818599-poetry-analysis-we-real-cool-by-gwendolyn-brooks. http://rapgenius. com/Bob-dylan-the-times-they -are-a-changin-lyrics http://www. shmoop. com/we-real-cool/analysis. html http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=jyKF2e2CiMk http://www. english. illinois. edu/maps/poets/a_f/brooks/life. htm How to cite Compare Contrast Essay, Essay examples

Leadership and education change

Introduction Leadership issues in academic institutions include those issues that affect the performance of the institution. These issues include poor leadership skills emanating from archaic procedures of operations which lead to redundancy of the management.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Leadership and education change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is mainly affected by the status quo that does not want to change its leadership styles and strategies in line with the ever changing world. It is important for leaders to embrace change since change is rest. Change has the ability to overturn the poor performance of a school and make it rebound to its previous moments of glory. In a high school setting, teachers must be able to adapt to positive changes that will enable the school rise to higher heights. For this reason, leadership is pretty important because the teachers and the subordinate staff actuall y emulate the leadership styles of the institution. The most important aspect of change in such an organization when it is faced with students’ performance problems is the change of culture. The change of culture must be initiated by the leadership of the institution because by beginning from the top, there are better chances of success than when the change begins from the subordinate staff. This paper discusses how the performance of a high school can be rejuvenated through the change of leadership styles, culture, ICT improvement and communication in the academic institutions. Case study Barnfield South Academy, UK, is a good example in this situation. The school used curriculum changes as a driving force of cultural change. The school has in the past been experiencing poor enrollment due to poor academic performance of students. Bad curriculum was later blamed for the poor performance of students. The other things that the school was grappling with were the issues of bully ing and poor communication. As a matter of fact, bullying is one of the factors that made many parents shun the school for fear of emotional torture perpetrated against their children.Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There was also poor communication network between teachers and the parents of the students. The ICT infrastructure was also out of date. The head teacher of the school must spearhead the reforms by engaging the staff and students. The students worked hard with big expectations of disappointments. However, the situation must be changed into a culture whereby the students work hard expecting great success. This makes the students more excited in the success resulting from their efforts. Problem solving Leadership in the education sector has been faced by many challenges. These challenges stem from several factors that include the culture of leadership and the leadership st yles in academic institutions. It has been said that when you do the same thing repeatedly, you will never get different results. When an organization is faced with similar challenges repeatedly, one of the solutions is to check the leadership and management for any flaws. The most probable thing that would be needed in any academic institution could be the change in leadership styles. This does not necessarily mean that the leader of the institution should be replaced. It actually means that the leadership of the organization needs to embrace new leadership and management strategies. New leadership strategies actually go hand in hand with a change of culture in the organization. For there to be a positive change for leadership strategy, there must be a change of culture that will enhance the overall change. The approaches to teaching, leading and connecting with educators are quite diverse. However, this paper tries to discuss some ways in which leadership styles can be changed in any academic institution.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Leadership and education change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It must be noted that the issue must attract careful preparation in key areas. At the end of the paper, the audience will be able to appreciate the role of style changes in improving leadership. One of the ways in which a leadership style can be changed is by creating new structures. New structures include improvement in communication. Communication is important because it is through communication that problems are solved (Marazanoa et al. 2006). Parent teacher communication is important because according to recent research, students whose parents communicate often with teachers perform better in school than those whose parents don’t talk to their teachers. Parents should also participate in school activities. This is because during this process of participation, parents can find an easy access to teachers thereby discussing issues relevant to students’ performance. Teachers should also encourage parents to call them and accept class room visits by parents. The school administration should also allow parents to volunteer in such activities as lectures on topical issues, or library aid (University of Illinois Extension 2011). Good communication between the students and teachers is important because it enables good relations that will enhance good performance and higher enrolments. Another problem that must be solved is the ICT issues. Technology must be put in schools and all the teachers and the students’ fraternity must participate in ICT programs in order to stay abreast with the contemporary modern society. It is also important for the leadership of the schools to do plenty of knowledge building. Knowledge building will provide further insight into effective ICT use in high schools. By doing this, the students will find out that the schoolwork gives them the chance to participate in robust activities that are interesting.Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is also important to note that good technology and good communication in the schools will enable the students communicate their problems effectively (Saar, n.d). In these situations, the culture of bullying must be tackled effectively. The problem of school bullying has been known to affect the performance of many schools and their subsequent enrolment (Marazanoa et al. 2006). Many parents often shun schools that are known to perpetrate bullying in order to protect their children from such gruesome activities. Bullying can wound the emotions of young children; the subsequent results of bullying, can significantly affect the child’s performance. It is imperative for the leadership of the school to face the bullies head on. Since bullies are also suffering from psychological issues, the leadership must also employ the services of counselors who would come in handy to help in the situation (Kari Sable Burns 2006). By tackling this problem, the schools will improve their perfo rmance and subsequently increase the number of subscription. A leader must have the capacity to recognize positive growth at least more often. This is usually done by the actions of the leader which ensures that they recognize the efforts of the people who have contributed to a positive change in the academic institution. By doing this the leader will encourage people to work harder in order to get more recognition. This element of working hard for recognition is quite contagious because within a matter of time, it will spread to other colleagues who would also begin working hard for recognition. Effective leadership skills will therefore create a more powerful structure of recognition. A leader must try to explore new approaches to change the entire organization. This will necessitate those colleagues who are of the same idea to gravitate their efforts towards the implementation of these ideas. It is also comforting to understand that as more and more people focus their efforts tow ards these changes, the status quo will gradually follow suit and hence the process of change will soon affect the entire organization and hence cause an extreme turn around to the institution (MR. Keenan 2010). Collaboration of schools is also important because it increases the chances of regeneration. Collaborative leadership in secondary schools of Surrey and Midlands is a good example of this. There is an increase in standards as a result of implementation of radical innovations in their curriculum. The results of collaboration of schools have led to the rebound of underachieving schools. In this scenario, it can be established that networks are more efficient than advertising the schools. This is because those people who come to schools usually do so through informal contacts. These situations occur when the top leadership of the school is involved in the network program. The role of effective leadership Responsible leadership and management are quite essential in any academic institution. It is important to note that effective leadership should be emphasized in schools broadly and in depth in terms of their ethics and social and environmental responsibility (Doh Stumpf 2005). Effective global academic institution leaders must therefore be responsible for the social and environmental welfare of the diverse cultures represented by different individuals in the institution. Leadership in schools must take into account the various cultures present in the students body and the staff of the institution. Currently, there are many high schools that operate in multicultural environments. It is therefore imperative for leaders of such institutions to approach their leadership styles in line with a multicultural environment. A multicultural environment is of paramount importance because the diversity of cultures, languages and experiences can be shared among the students and staff of the institution thereby enhancing healthy competition that improves the performanc e of the schools (Doh Stumpf 2005). Such situations can work extremely well even in homogenous schools because the schools can also have subsidiary programs which may increase the proportion of international students and incorporate exchange programs. The entire leadership of a business organization should be well versed with multicultural environment. This will make them develop a global mind-set whereby they will possess the ability to develop new perspectives and to hold multiple and competing perspectives. Cultural interests and sensitivity, self awareness, and global mind-set act as solid foundations of healthy competition in high schools. This is a set of competence that leaders ought to develop in order to accommodate diverse cultures and remain competitive in the local and international market. The development of these competencies can be initiated through foundation courses that focus on cross cultural management issues and skills (Doh Stumpf 2005). In addition to the abo ve, leaders need to be exposed to a variety of experiential assignments, that address not only cross cultural sensitivity but also self awareness. For instance, some business schools like Wharton School require some of their students to participate in out-of-class experiences such as treks in the Himalayas or Patagonia. The reason behind this is to develop decision making skills under stressful conditions. It also serves to expose the students to different countries and cultures at the same time (Doh Stumpf 2005). Other universities are known to offer in-class simulations to practice leadership skills, and also assign leadership autobiography to develop self awareness. This practice can be emulated by high schools in order to make the students remain competitive especially when they are enrolled into such tertiary institutions. Stages of enactment of the changes The enactment of change needs to be done in stages. Just like in any other enactment, there is the need to develop a stag e of change model. This model acts like a guideline throughout the entire process of change that is being undertaken by any organization. Developing a model of change actually goes hand in hand with the stages of change model that was developed by James Prochaska and the likes. Although the originators of this model were doing it on a different aspect, the model can still be used in other aspects as along as the main idea is the one being propagated (Richardson n.d). Thus, a change model will begin from precontemplation. At this stage, people have not started thinking about change. They still defend the status quo and the conventional organizational culture even if it is a bad norm. Hence, they resist any temptation to the idea of change within their mindsets. Colleagues in the work place actually do not focus on quitting. They would rather desist from discussing their bad habits. The second stage is the contemplation stage whereby people begin to be more aware of the repercussions of their habits. In this stage, leaders and colleagues begin to think of the pros and cons of modifying their cultures. The third stage is the preparation stage whereby the leader will begin to prepare to commit their efforts to a particular line of action that aims at changing the organization for the better. At this stage, the leader should be determined to devote their effort to research and analyze various situations that will help them achieve the goal of change. The fourth stage involves the action and will power of the leader. In this stage, the leader believes in the power of change in an organization. Thus, the leader invokes their ability to change the behavior of the people. This is the beginning of the practical steps the leader undertakes in accomplishing a particular task (Bush Coleman 2004). The leader is therefore actively involved in beginning to change the norms and culture of the academic institution to the benefit of the organization. The amount of time in this stage is pretty small because it does not need a lot of investment of resources in terms of logistics. This suggests that the leader depends on their will power to change the entire organization. The leader will make all the efforts in averting behavioral norms and rededicate the commitments of their colleagues in developing a culture that enhances autonomy (Marazanoa et al. 2006). It is important to note that autonomy is a vital element in enhancing a sense of responsibility in the teachers. Responsibility on the other hand will subsequently lead to innovations and embracing various ideas that aim at changing the organization (Kern 2008). The fifth stage is the stage of maintenance. This is the stage in which after everything has been satisfactorily changed, the leader resists the attempts of returning the organization into the past culture of doing things. Thus, the leader concentrates their effort in trying to maintain the new status quo. After all has been said and done, the lea der must be careful not to experience a relapse. It is at this stage that discouragement is prevalent among the colleagues and the leader. This challenge often comes before the goal has been permanently achieved. The final stage of achieving the goal of change is the stage of transcendence. Thus, maintenance must be maintained long enough in order to achieve emotional stability in a leader. Emotional stability is important because it helps the person realize the potential negative effects of returning to the past bad culture. If the leader achieves this emotional stability, the colleagues will follow suit and this will totally change the company’s culture and trigger new developments with new results. Results The effects of the changes in leadership styles, cultural changes, and improved problem solving skills, collaborating with other schools, dealing with the problem of bullying, improved communication and increased investment in technology can increase the enrolment of stu dents in the school. This is because more and more parents will find it more secure to entrust the school with their children’s’ emotions. As a result, parents and children will advertise the school to other people. This will increase the subscription of students to the school and further increase the income of the school. Conclusion Teachers must be able to adapt to positive changes that will enable the school rise to higher heights. For this reason, leadership is pretty important because the teachers and the subordinate staff actually emulate the leadership styles of the institution. Cultural interests and sensitivity, self awareness, and global mind-set act as solid foundations of healthy competition in high schools. This is a set of competence that leaders ought to develop in order to accommodate diverse cultures and remain competitive in the local and international market. Developing a model of change actually goes hand in hand with the stages of change model that was developed by James Prochaska and the likes. Although the originators of this model were doing it on a different aspect, the model can still be used in other aspects as along as the main idea is the one being propagated. Reference List Bush, T. Coleman, M. (2004). Leadership and Strategic Management in Education. Paul Chapman Publishing, London. Doh, J. Stumpf, S. (2005). Handbook on Responsible Leadership and Governance in Global Business. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Cheltenham, UK. Marazanoa et al. (2006). School Leadership That Works: From Research to Results. Hawker Brownlow Education, Moorabbin. Kari Sable Burns. (2006). Bullying and Harassment. Web. Kern, M. (2008). Stages of Change Model. Web. Mr. Keenan. (2010). Five Ways To Change Your Education Leadership Style This Year – School. Web. Saar, C. (n.d). ICT in High Schools. Galileo Education Network.  Web. Richardson, L. (n.d). Helping Teachers Participate Completely in School Leadership. Southern Connect icut State University, New Haven. University of Illinois Extension (2011). Parent Teacher Communication. Web. This report on Leadership and education change was written and submitted by user Lauren O. to help you with your own studies. 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